简介
Philippe Ciais studied Physics at Ecole Normale Supérieure and received a PhD in 1991 entitled “Holocene climate record of Antarctic ice cores”. In 1992 he was a post-doctoral fellow at NOAA in Boulder, Colorado, and investigated how 13C and 18O isotopes in atmospheric CO2 can be used to constrain terrestrial carbon fluxes. He also designed the first three-dimensional simulation model of 18O in CO2, an isotopic tracer of the water cycle coupled with CO2 uptake by plant photosynthesis.
After 1994, Philippe Ciais returned to France and carried out research into the inverse modeling of CO2 and CH4 fluxes at the surface of the Earth, based on transport models and a global network of surface in-situ stations. The most important finding was that tropical land fluxes have a dominating control on the global variability of the CO2 growth rate, while wetland emissions control the variability control the CH4 growth rates. Under the leadership of Philippe Ciais, this activity has been developed at LSCE into a research team of 30 scientists. In parallel, Philippe Ciais led the building of the French greenhouse gas atmospheric monitoring network, going from two stations in 1992 to 25 stations today, and became a key component of the ICOS European Infrastructure (http://www.icos-infrastructure.eu/). This line of research was accompanied by the coordination of national and European projects: AEROCARB and TACOS in FP-5, and the CARBOEUROPE atmospheric component in FP-6.
From 2005 to 2013, Philippe Ciais devoted his time to the coordination of the Integrated Carbon Observation System (ICOS) large European research infrastructure. Going from national and European auditions, to technical preparation work, and the negotiation of the governance and funding leverage involving stakeholders and ministry representatives in 17 countries, ICOS successfully became a flagship research structure in the area of climate change, with a pre-operational network of 60 stations and a turnover of 20 M€ per year. At that time, Philippe Ciais also acted as co-chair of the GEO task force on integrated carbon observations.
Successively head of department, and associate director of the Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat - LSCE between 2002 and 2017 he has been in charge of the management and the development of the research strategy for about 100 people for an annual budget of 10 M€ across three tutelary institutions, the CEA French Atomic Energy Commission, the CNRS National Research Council and the UVSQ Universiy of Versailles St Quentin.
Philippe Ciais became co-chair of the Global Carbon Project (http://www.globalcarbonproject.org/) international organization in 2009. He had the opportunity to contribute to several synthesis of recent trends in the carbon cycle, characterized by the recent fast growth of emissions and by a slowing trend of natural sinks, a finding that had a large impact in the media. He also acted as Convening Lead Author of the IPCC Working Group 1, for the Carbon Cycle chapter of the 5th IPCC Assessment Report.
Philippe Ciais continued to have a research activity during the last twenty years, mainly on the relationships between ecosystem CO2 fluxes and climate, combining terrestrial biosphere models with satellite and eddy-covariance observations. He took part in the set up and interpretation of one of the first coupled carbon-climate simulation with the IPSL climate model, and pioneered the incorporation of cultivated ecosystems into a terrestrial biosphere model. By combining eddy-flux and remote sensing data, with models, Philippe Ciais analyzed the responses of temperate forests to drought during the summer 2003 heat wave (Ciais et al. 2005; Nature) and of boreal ecosystems during warmer autumns (Piao et al. 2008; Nature). These two publications received a lot of citations. A striving collaboration with Beijing University has been maintained with the SINO-FRENCH SOFIE research institute led by Shilong Piao and Philippe Ciais (https://wiki.lsce.ipsl.fr/pku/doku.php).
Currently 52 years old, Philippe Ciais has contributed more than 600 publications in A-ranking journals over the past 17 years. From the ISI web of science, his H-index is 102. He was ranked as the most productive scientific author in the field of climate change publications, and among the authors who contributed to 5 of the 100 most influential papers in this field (http://www.carbonbrief.org/analysis-the-most-cited-climate-change-papers)
